MAP, Manufactoring Automation Protocol, based on the osi reference model. its purpose was to "break down the 'islands of automation' in factories, developed by general motors and mike kaminski spread the word.

at the same time, Boeing Co. outlined plans for breaking down communications barriers in the office. These specifications, called the Technical Office Protocol (TOP), shared many common elements with MAP. Initially, the two user groups cooperated on spreading the OSI gospel, and a few years ago, the groups merged. | software magazine 1990

some years later the question was: has it failed? some say because it followed the osi model and it's "creeping featurism" (industrial computing magazine) others put the blame on high costs modern machine shop, 1993

the magazin "hard and soft" sang the song, too. 1986, in several editions. one line from their article:

... sie sind dann nicht nur auf das telefon "als das netzwerk des kleinen mannes" angewiesen, wie ein automatisierungs-manager beim cim-kongress der systec zu diesem thema anmerkte.

cim übersetzen sie mit "computer assistierte industrie". im original: computer integrated manufacturing